J/A+A/563/A92    VIPERS: galaxy colours and luminosity function (Fritz+, 2014)
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The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS):
A quiescent formation of massive red-sequence galaxies over the past 9 Gyr.
    Fritz A., Scodeggio M., Ilbert O., Bolzonella M., Davidzon I., Coupon J.,
    Garilli B., Guzzo L., Zamorani G., Abbas U., Adami C., Arnouts S., Bel J.,
    Bottini D., Branchini E., Cappi A., Cucciati O., De Lucia G.,
    de la Torre S., Franzetti P., Fumana M., Granett B.R., Iovino A.,
    Krywult J., Le Brun V., Le Fevre O., Maccagni D., Malek K., Marulli F.,
    Mccracken H.J., Paioro L., Polletta M., Pollo A., Schlagenhaufer H.,
    Tasca L.A.M., Tojeiro R., Vergani D., Zanichelli A., Burden A.,
    Di Porto C., Marchetti A., Marinoni C., Mellier Y., Moscardini L.,
    Nichol R.C., Peacock J.A., Percival W.J., Phleps S., Wolk M.
   <Astron. Astrophys., 563, A92 (2014)>
   =2014A&A...563A..92F
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ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, photometry ; Galaxy catalogs ; Magnitudes, absolute ;
              Photometry, UBV ; Redshifts ; Surveys
Keywords: surveys - cosmology: observations - galaxies: evolution -
          galaxies: photometry - galaxies: luminosity function, mass function -
          galaxies: statistics

Abstract:
    We explore the evolution of the colour-magnitude relation (CMR) and
    luminosity function (LF) at 0.4<z<1.3 from the VIMOS Public
    Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS) using ~45000 galaxies with
    precise spectroscopic redshifts down to i'_AB_<22.5 over ~10.32deg^2^
    in two fields. From z=0.5 to z=1.3 the LF and CMR are well defined for
    different galaxy populations and M^*^_B_ evolves by
    ~1.04(1.09)+/-0.06(0.10) mag for the total (red) galaxy sample. We
    compare different criteria for selecting early-type galaxies: (1) a
    fixed cut in rest-frame (U-V) colours, (2) an evolving cut in (U-V)
    colours, (3) a rest-frame (NUV-r')-(r'-K) colour selection, and (4) a
    spectral-energy-distribution classification. The completeness and
    contamination varies for the different methods and with redshift, but
    regardless of the method we measure a consistent evolution of the
    red-sequence (RS). Between 0.4<z<1.3 we find a moderate evolution of
    the RS intercept of {Delta}(U-V)=0.28+/-0.14 mag, favouring
    exponentially declining star formation (SF) histories with SF
    truncation at 1.7<=z<=2.3. Together with the rise in the number
    density of red galaxies by 0.64dex since z=1, this suggests a rapid
    build-up of massive galaxies (M_*_>10^11^M_{sun}_) and expeditious RS
    formation over a short period of ~1.5Gyr starting before z=1. This is
    supported by the detection of ongoing SF in early-type galaxies at
    0.9<z<1.0, in contrast with the quiescent red stellar populations of
    early-type galaxies at 0.5<z<0.6. There is an increase in the observed
    CMR scatter with redshift, which is two times larger than observed in
    galaxy clusters and at variance with theoretical model predictions. We
    discuss possible physical mechanisms that support the observed
    evolution of the red galaxy population. Our findings point out that
    massive galaxies have experienced a sharp SF quenching at z~1 with
    only limited additional merging. In contrast, less-massive galaxies
    experience a mix of SF truncation and minor mergers which build-up the
    low- and intermediate-mass end of the CMR.

Description:
    Completeness numbers, redshifts, colour intercept evolution,
    dispersion, Schechter parameters and number densities of the
    luminosity function are presented for ~45000 galaxies between
    0.4<z<1.3 from the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey
    (VIPERS). In addition, redshifts, Schechter parameters and number
    densities of the luminosity function are presented for the sub-samples
    of Red and Red-SED galaxies. Completeness numbers are given for both
    the parent photometric sample and the spectroscopic VIPERS sample.

File Summary:
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 FileName   Lrecl  Records  Explanations
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ReadMe         80        .  This file
table1.dat     36        4  Percentage of early- and late-type galaxies in
                             parent and spectroscopic VIPERS sample
table2.dat     32        7  U-V colour intercept evolution for red-sequence
                             galaxies in VIPERS
table3.dat     62       18  Schechter parameters and associated 1-{sigma} errors
                             of the global VIPERS Luminosity Function (LF)
                             and the LF for different sub-samples
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See also:
 J/A+A/562/A23  : VIMOS Public Extragalactic Survey (VIPERS) DR1 (Garilli+ 2014)
 J/A+A/570/A106 : VIPERS. Searching for cosmic voids (Micheletti+, 2014)

Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
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   1-  6  A6    ---     Type      Spectrophotometric type classification
   8- 11  F4.1  %       Pfrl      Parent sample between 0.4<z<0.5
  13- 16  F4.1  %       Sfrl      Spec sample between 0.4<z<0.5
  18- 21  F4.1  %       Pfrm      Parent sample between 0.5<z<0.6
  23- 26  F4.1  %       Sfrm      Spec sample between 0.5<z<0.6
  28- 31  F4.1  %       Pfrh      Parent sample between 0.6<z<1.0
  33- 36  F4.1  %       Sfrh      Spec sample between 0.6<z<1.0
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
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   1-  4  F4.2  ---     z         [0.47/1.09] Median spectroscopic redshift
   6-  9  I4    ---     Ngal      [250/3360] Number of galaxies
  11- 14  F4.2  mag     int       U-V colour intercept (1)
  16- 20  F5.3  mag     msig      Measured scatter (Poissonian statistics)
  22- 26  F5.3  mag     osig      Observed scatter (measured + systematic)
  28- 32  F5.3  mag     cdisp     Observed colour dispersion of the CMR (2)
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Note (1): U-V colour intercept evolution at M_V_-5*log_10_(h)=-20 for a fixed
    slope of d(U-V)/d(M_V_)=-0.08.
Note (2): Observed colour dispersion of the Color-Magnitude Relation 
     {sigma}(U-V) between -19.0>=M_V_>=-23.5.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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   Bytes Format Units      Label   Explanations
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   1-  7  A7    ---        Samp    Sample: "Red", "Red_SED", or "All" (1)
   9- 11  F3.1  ---        zmin    Minimum of redshift interval
  13- 15  F3.1  ---        zmax    Maximum of redshift interval
  17- 21  I5    ---        Ngal    [45/10386] Number of galaxies in bin
  23- 27  F5.2  ---        alpha   Slope {alpha} (2)
  29- 32  F4.2  ---      e_alpha   ?=- Error on alpha
  34- 39  F6.2  mag        M*      Characteristic Schechter magnitude,
                                    M^*^_B_ -5log10(h) (2) (3)
  41- 44  F4.2  mag      e_M*      Error on M*
  46- 50  F5.2 10-3Mpc-3   phi     Schechter function parameter {phi}^*^ (2) (4)
  53- 56  F4.2 10-3Mpc-3 E_phi     Error on phi* (positive value)
  59- 62  F4.2 10-3Mpc-3 e_phi     Error on phi* (negative value)
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Note (1): Schechter parameters and associated 1-{sigma} errors 2*{Delta}(ln),
    L=1 of the global VIPERS LF and the LF for different sub-samples derived
    in the rest-frame Johnson B-band filter system. Parameters listed without
    errors are set 'ad hoc' to the given value. Parameters were derived using
    H_0_=(100h)km/s, {Omega}_m_=0.25, {Omega}_{Lambda}=0.75.
Note (2): Parameters of the empirical Schechter function:
     {phi}(L)dL = {phi}^*^e^-L/L*^(L/L*)^{alpha}^d(L/L*).
Note (3): M^*^_B_ values are corrected for -5.log_10_(h).
Note (4): {phi}^*^ values are in units of 10^-3^.h^3^.Mpc^-3^.
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Acknowledgements:
    Alexander Fritz, afritz( at )iasf-milano.inaf.it

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(End)      A. Fritz [INAF-IASF Milano, Italy], P. Vannier [CDS]      20-Nov-2014